Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. Landmark discoveries in genetics, such as the structure of DNA, the role of genes in inheritance, and the mapping of human genomes, have revolutionized medicine and biology. These breakthroughs have paved the way for genetic engineering, gene therapy, and personalized medicine.
Understanding genetics is fundamental to many scientific fields, including evolutionary biology, medicine, and biotechnology. By studying how traits are passed down from one generation to the next, scientists can better understand diseases, develop treatments, and improve agricultural practices.